ACTIVE MODELS OF CALQUES IN THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE
Abstract
Along with word formation based on the material already existing in the language, which is the main way of enriching each language, it’s crucial to stress that various kinds of borrowings, as a result of contact between peoples, play, as is known, a large role in the formation of new words and expressions. This highlights the dynamism and evolution of language. Whatever forms this contact takes, the results of linguistic communication are influenced not only by contacts between peoples and the structure of languages but also by non-linguistic facts: economic and political conditions of linguistic contacts, the scientific and cultural prestige of the people speaking a given language, its numbers, etc. Naturally, all types of linguistic contacts, , are not carried out by themselves but by people speaking these languages. The environment where language contacts are carried out is human society, the psyche of people; the place where the results of these contacts are reflected in the structure of languages. This circumstance provides the basis for distinguishing between language contacts and their results. The study of this issue is important not only for general linguistics and the study of word formation types of certain languagesbut also makes it possible to correctly assess the extent of the influence of one language on another, which is evidence of the influence of culture, in the broad sense of the word, of one people on the culture of another. The analysis of calques, as well as other processes occurring in the vocabulary of languages, is of interest for history, the history of science, technology, culture, etc., since all this is closely connected with human activity in all spheres of life.
Full text article
References
Ali Hadjarian, Karine Megerdoomian. Workshop on Computational Approaches to Linguistic Creativity, Los Angeles, 2010, pp. 6–13.
Alipanahi Fatemeh, Mahmoudi Ra’na. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 2015, No. 5 (S2), pp. 354–368.
Eliseeva V. V. Avtorskii okkazionalizm kak sredstvo sozdaniya komicheskogo effekta (v pragmaticheskom aspekte) (Author's casualism as a means of creating a comic effect (in a pragmatic aspect)): candidate’s thesis, Saint Petersburg, 1984, 171 p.
Eremina K. N. K probleme yazykovykh kontaktov: (Evropeizmy v sovremennom persidskom yazyke) (On the problem of language contacts: Europeanisms in modern Persian), Moscow: Nauka, 1980, 77 p.
Marinova E. V. Inoyazychnye slova v russkoi rechi kontsa XX–nachala XXI veka: problemy osvoeniya i funktsionirovaniya (Foreign language words in Russian speech of the late 20th–early 21st century: problems of assimilation and functioning): extended abstract of Doctor’s thesis, Moscow: Elpis, 2008, 45 p.
Mesamed V. I. Kal'kirovanie kak odin iz sposobov popolneniya slovarnogo sostava sovremennogo persidskogo yazyka (Calquing as one of the ways to replenish the vocabulary of the modern Persian language): extended abstract of candidate’s thesis, Moscow: AN SSSR, 1984, 17 p.
Moinzade Ahmad. Canadian Social Science, 2011, No. 6, pp. 207–212.
Momeni Fereshteh, Shahla Raghibdoust, Robab Teymour. International Journal of English Linguistics, 2016, Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 92–102.
Nadzhafov G. G. Problemy terminologii sovremennogo persidskogo yazyka: (Na materiale transportno-torgovykh terminov) (Problems of terminology of the modern Persian language: based on transport and trade terms): extended abstract of candidate’s thesis, Moscow: AN SSSR, Institute of Oriental Studies, 1976, 28 p.
Peisikov L. S. Leksikologiya sovremennogo persidskogo yazyka (Lexicology of the modern Persian language), Moscow: Moscow University Press, 1975, 206 p.
Pimakhina T. A. Lingvostilisticheskie kharakteristiki neologizmov sovremennogo angliiskogo yazyka (Linguistic and stylistic characteristics of modern English neologisms), Samara: Samara University, 1992, 152 p.
Quronbekov A. Fors tili leksikologiyasi (Lexicology of Persian), Tashkent, 2009, 279 p.
Rahmatullayev Sh. Hozirgi o‘zbek adabiy tili (Current Uzbek literary language), Tashkent: Universitet, 2006, 476 p.
Rasool Pasha Abgarmi, Vida Shaghaghi. Tradterm, 2017, Vol. 29, pp. 146–167.
Reformatskii A. A. Vvedenie v yazykovedenie (Introduction to Linguistics), Moscow: Aspent Press, 2006, 536 p.
Romanchenko A. A. Kal'kirovanie kak odin iz sposobov popolneniya aviatsionnoi terminologii sovremennogo persidskogo yazyka (Calquing as one of the ways to supplement aviation terminology in modern Persian), Moscow, 2008.
Rubinchik Yu. A. Persidsko-russkii slovar’. Vol. 1–2 (Persian–Russian Dictionary), Moscow, 1985, 1602 p.
Rubinchik Yu. A. Leksikografiya persidskogo yazyka (Lexicography of the Persian language), Moscow, 1991, 221 p.
Rubinchik Yu. A. Grammatika sovremennogo persidskogo literaturnogo yazyka (Grammar of the modern Persian literary language), Moscow, 2001, 600 p.
Sager C. Essays on Definition (Terminology and Lexicography Research and Practice), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing, 2000, 262 p.
Shoahmedov E. Rus tilidan o‘zbek tiliga kalkalash masalasiga doir (On the issue of calquing from Russian into Uzbek): candidate’s thesis, Tashkent, 1974.
Yule G. The Study of Language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, 285 p.
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International License
(CC BY 4.0).
Copyright © by author(s).