LINGUISTIC-CONTRASTIVE AND LINGUO-DIDACTIC FEATURES OF RUSSIAN AND NATIVE SOUND SYSTEMS
Abstract
The Russian phonetics course is designed for Turkic-speaking students at universities in Uzbekistan, where Russian is taught as a second or foreign language. The course focuses on improving pronunciation skills, developing an appropriate articulatory base, and eliminating errors caused by differences between the sound systems of Uzbek and Russian. Special attention is paid to systematic work on the articulatory base of Turkic-speaking learners, including pronunciation training and correction at all stages of instruction. The use of minimal pairs and progressively more complex phonetic tasks helps students consciously control their pronunciation and overcome typical errors resulting from interference between their native language (Uzbek) and the target language (Russian). The practical orientation of the course facilitates the application of acquired knowledge and skills in real communicative situations, contributing to the development of students’ communicative competence and confidence in using Russian. The study also examines theoretical aspects of phonetics, including the principles of the Moscow and Leningrad phonetic schools, as well as the concepts of invariant, variation, and phoneme variants, together with the prosodic features of the Russian language. Particular attention is given to interference at the segmental and prosodic levels, including difficulties related to vowel reduction, consonant assimilation, and the pronunciation of phonemes absent in the learners’ native language. The importance of a contrastive linguistic approach is emphasized, as it helps identify similarities and differences between the native and target languages and contributes to more conscious pronunciation acquisition. The practical part of the study analyzes methods of pronunciation correction, the use of minimal pairs, and the gradual increase in phonetic task complexity. The teaching tasks proposed in the study are aimed at developing stable phonetic skills, reducing interference, and creating conditions for effective communication in Russian.
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