ABDULLA QODIRIY’S MASTERY IN THE USE OF LINGUOPOETIC DEVICES

Abstract

This article examines Abdulla Qodiriy, the founder of the Uzbek novel, as an outstanding writer and a poet of refined aesthetic sensibility. It suggests that the poetic passages in his novels, composed in both aruz and syllabic metres, were written by Qodiriy himself and that each poem reflects the author’s inner poetic experience. The study analyses the poems incorporated into his novels, including the quatrains inscribed on Kumushbibi’s tombstone, the lament on Nasim’s death, and the poetic correspondence between Anvar and Ra’no. It demonstrates how Qodiriy achieved a distinctive artistic effect through such linguopoetic devices as metaphor, hyperbole, simile, epithet, personification, talmih (literary allusion), and irony. The article also considers Qodiriy’s short prose works as an important stage in the development of his literary career. His stories, published under the pen name Julqunboy, address educational, political, and satirical themes. “Juvonboz” portrays the beauty of nature and educated, poetically inclined Uzbek women while condemning moral depravity. “Uloqda” offers a distinctive representation of traditional Uzbek clothing, everyday life, national character, and the tulpоr, the hero’s noble horse and faithful companion. “Tinch ish” presents obedience and worship as the principal and enduring concerns of the ulema. “Jinlar bazmi” depicts Uzbek national cuisine, dining customs, patterns of speech, and the influence of mythological beliefs found in Uzbek folklore. The analysis shows that Qodiriy employed the epistolary technique widely used in Uzbek folk epics and gradually developed, through his short stories, the artistic principles that would later underpin his longer prose works, particularly his novels. The article notes that the writer drew upon Uzbek folklore and classical Uzbek literature, as well as literary works written in Turkish, Arabic, Persian, Russian, and other languages. His novel O‘tgan kunlar (Bygone Days) is regarded as an outstanding work of Uzbek national literature. Its imagery and linguopoetic devices reveal a close relationship with Uzbek folklore and classical literary traditions. The study concludes that Qodiriy conveyed the artistic individuality of his characters through portraiture, while their attitudes and relationships were expressed through a rich system of imagery.