COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONAL NAMES, TITLES, AND EPITHETS IN TURKISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Abstract
This comparative study of names, titles and epithets in Turkish and Uzbek is an onomastic aspect of lexicology and is highly engaging. The article explores social similarities and differences through a comparative analysis of names, titles, and epithets in two Turkic languages belonging to the same family group. This study examines the etymological origins of names, titles, and epithets, their place within the language's vocabulary, and their records in lexicographic sources. It is observed that the meanings of names, titles, and epithets expand and contract, while their usage enriches, depending on their characteristics. Even epithets that gained strength in linguistic usage were preserved over time: Sultan Yıldırım Bayezid, Sultan Yavuz Selim, Sahibkıran Cihangir, Emir Timur Koragon. An important aspect of examining names, titles, and nicknames in languages is that they help determine a nation's internal characteristics, character, and cultural context. This is first recognized in the naming of a child, based on the family's cultural and social standing. Then, in career choice and social standing, the title is awarded. Finally, nicknames are determined based on character, behavior, activities, and appearance. Some nicknames endure, while others can change or be forgotten. Permanent nicknames are found in lexicographic sources. Nicknames that change or are forgotten over time may survive only in public discourse before being forgotten entirely. While it consists of simple, derived, and compound words according to its structure, it also varies according to its function. While it is used in several different functions depending on its meaning, it generally has two meanings: a) positive, b) negative. Another important issue observed in the research that should be taken into consideration is the connection between names, titles and nicknames related to the transformation of a title or nickname into a popular name and its active use: In Turkish — Yıldırım, Yavuz; in Uzbek — Cihangir, Amir, Sulton, etc. In addition, proverbs and idioms from folk literature were highlighted through titles and nicknames in Turkish and Uzbek, and comparative studies were also included.
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