THE ISSUE ОF EQUIVАLENCE IN PОETRY TRАNSLАTIОN
Abstract
Poetry translation is a complex process that requires the translator not only to have linguistic knowledge but also to have poetic talent. Because the translation of prose works is carried out only in terms of content, in poetic translation, along with the content, equivalence of formal poetic units is also required. Since poetry is a soul, so that its translation can also take place in the soul, conveying the content while adhering to the poetic laws of the target language has always been an urgent issue. The aim of the study is to conduct a practical analysis of the problems of equivalence in indirect and direct translations of Goethe's poetry into the Uzbek language. This issue is one of the most important problems of translation studies. In the process of poetic translation, the correct use of formal units and means, along with meaning, serves to achieve an adequate translation. The main objectives of the study are to theoretically study the classifications of equivalence in translation studies, to practically analyze the problems of equivalence in translations of Goethe's poetry into Uzbek, to analyze the types of semantic, structural and pragmatic equivalence through the classification of V. Koller, and to propose alternative options for translations based on the theoretical knowledge and practical analysis studied. The study used the methods of linguopoetic analysis and component analysis to analyze the poems from a practical perspective. The results of the study showed that indirect translations are mainly characterized by talented individuals who are familiar only with the intermediary language and unaware of the tone of the original. Consequently, in these translations, while cases of formal conformity and semantic deviation from the original were observed, direct translations yielded the opposite result. Thus, translators who specialize in translating poetry are required to possess excellent knowledge of two languages and be familiar with the poetic systems in each language. Otherwise, he will only be translating words.
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